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Glycosylated Hemoglobin (GHb/HBA1c)
A hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test, also known as a glycated hemoglobin test, measures the average blood sugar level over the past two to three months: What it measures The percentage of hemoglobin A in your blood that has glucose attached. Hemoglobin is a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Glucose attaches to hemoglobin for as long as the red blood cells are alive, which is about three months. Why it's important The test can help diagnose type 2 diabetes and monitor blood glucose control in people with diabetes. How often to get it People with diabetes are advised to get an HbA1c test every 3 to 6 months. If you've been recently diagnosed or have made significant changes to your treatment, your doctor may recommend more frequent testing. What a normal result is A general HbA1c target for people with diabetes is 7% (53 mmol/mol) or less. A diagnosis of diabetes can be made if your HbA1c result is 6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or more. Factors that can impact the results Pregnancy, recent or significant blood loss, recent blood transfusion, and conditions causing low red blood cell count can impact the results